Elastic webbing



May 10, 1927- I H. ST. J. GUILD ELASTIC WEBBING Filed Nov- 25, 1925 A {13 V 1 g?! H a U U Lain/U c I N VEN TOR.

Agrmvgy.

Patented May 10, 1927.

UNIT ED :srArEs v A 1,628,361 PATVNT orrlcs...

HAROLD, s1. Gannon JAMAICA imam, MASSACHUSETTS.

' ELASTIC WEBZBIltTG.

Application filed. November 25,1925. Serial No. 71,354.

, This invention relates to the manufacture of webbing, more especially elastic Webbing.

' It is the chief object of the invention to improveboth the structureandmethods of making webbing of thischaracterwith a.

View to reducing the expense of manufacture, While still providing an entirely satisfactory article. It xhas rbeencustomary heretofore ,to manufacture elastic webbing by using-a single shuttle-toreach web. In

my Patent No1r1,524,820,dated February 3',

1925,]: have disclosed a process of making webbing-{in whichtwo shuttles are-used in eachxwebyso that the'filling. can be intro duced twice as-fast as in prior processes. The process disclosed in said. patent'produces webbing which is very' satisfactory for .someclass'es of goods, particularly for suspenders, and thelike. ,'lhe present inthe high. rate of production and I economy of .manufactureot my earlier process will be obtained, and which. shall be adapted for the manufactureota Wider variety of goods 'present'inventiong. I

ig. 2 is a diagrammatic-z.cross sectional view taken.substantially on'the line 2 lustmting a t p :in" :the weavin p ration; p

. Fig.:4 isa diagrammatic planview showing the structure of thefabricat one selvage edge-jot 'the goods with the threadsz -and strands-spreadapart; and. v f a F1g. 5.isjacross-sectional:perspective View illustratlng the fabric structure 111 :a con'-. ventlonal way;

; trates an arrangement which; may: conveniently-. be used inpractieing ,theprocess. at present i prefer-red. with the: aid of. a loom Lil or the usual; construction, As; herei shown, the warp threads and the strands ofxrubvention aims 'to devise a" process in i which is; used in making webbingaccording to the 2 1Referring to thei drawings,Fig-91lilluse ber 'arearranged to form two sheds, one above the other,with the strands of rubher occupying an intermediate position and forming the bottom of theupper shed and the top'of the lower shed. These strands of -rubberfi(commonly called; rubbers) are-drawn from beam 3. The warp threads may be supported in any convenient manner, and they are guidedover the roll-6 to :the harnesses. The upper and lower'shu'ttles are indicated at:l and 2, rew speetively, and the breastroll at 7 V Preferably the two shuttles are projected through the sheds simultaneously" in opposite directions, although they may be propelled simultaneously inthe same direction, if desired; Thefharness motion, of course, will depend fuponfthe pattern whichisbeing woven. :VVith ,;this arrangement two strands of filling are inserted inzthe fabric 7 at each pick, one strand in each shed. Gonsequently, the filling can be laid twice as rapidlyQas in the more common' of weavingwith a single shuttle.

.Throughout the :body of the goodsthe strands of rubber A remain stationary, that is, theyare notamoved up or;down across either shed," their only; movement being "a teedingmovement as the web .is-taken up. ::The diagrammatic View, Fig. 2, assumes processes that asplain Weave isbeing'made, and the Warp threads which form the top of the upper shed at a giveninstant are indicated at'.-B,l and those whichform-the bottom of thelower shed at said'instant areindicated at C. The strands of rubber A and the gut: threads D which are associated with. them," are relatively stationaryand separate the two sheds from each other. The chief problem in weaving webbing with two shut:

tles is to produce a satisfactory edge. The manner in which this is doneaccording to the present' invention is clearly. illustrated-in the drawings. Referring to Fig.

2fit'will be seen'that additional strands of rubber. E and @F are located at the opeach end, andinythe arrangement shown one strand 1s up-:Wlnle the other is down,

in ,unison. the respectlve strands of rubber are wlres .e and 7",,each operated by the'harness for theyrespectivestrands:of rubber 'E and F .posite ends of the sheds, one strand at I I although theymay bemoved up and; down,

Positioned immediately beside soxthatfe'ach'moves up or downfacross bothv sheds in unison with-its respective rubber. i

Starting with the warp threads and the rubbers arranged as shown in Fig. 2, let it be assumed that the first pick occurs. The upper shuttle l in its flight through the upper shed lays the filling thread 0, while the lower shuttle 2 inserts the filling P in the lower shed. The sheds then change, the warp threads B and C reversing places and moving into the positions shown in Fig. At, the same time the edge rubbers E and F move across both sheds, the wires 0 and f moving with them. This results in partially wrapping the filling threads around the edge strands of rubber E and F and the wires and so that when the next pick occurs, as illustrated in Fig. 3, the filling threads will be wrapped completely around the edge strands of rubber.

As the operations just described are repeated a single ply fabric will be woven of the general character shown. The two filling threads cover the surface of the strands A of rubber through the body of the goods with the filling threads 0 always lying on one side of said strands while the threads P always lie in the opposite side. Since there are two strands of filling in each pick of the fabric, both filling threads are looped around the edge strands of rubber E and F at the end of each pick. The wires e and f are not long enough to reach from the harnesses to the breast roll but they both terminate a short distance, say, for example, one and one-half or two inches, to the right, Fig. 1, of the beat-up point, and as the fabric is taken up it slips oil the ends of the wires. The object in using these wires is to prevent the filling threads, as they wrap around the edge strands of rubber E and F, from binding said strands. In other words, the wires are useful in leaving a looser selvage than otherwise would be made, and such a. selvage is desirable in order to produce an edge having thedesired degree of elasticity.

This invention is especially applicable to the wearing of light weight webbing such as that used, for example, in garters; and because of the increased production att'orded by this process, it effects a substantial economy in the manufacture of these webbings. This process also produces a smooth, round, selvage edge which stretches and contracts equally with the body of the web and is fully as satisfactory to the trade as the webbing made by the usual processes. \Vhile there may be some question technically as to the accuracy in designating the goods shown as single plyi'abrie, still goods ofthis character are known in the trade by this term.

invention. The weave or pattern obviously can be varied as widely as in goods made by prior processes. This process may also be used with the same advantages in the weaving of non-elastic webbings used for straps, belts, and the like, where central warps (ordinarily referred to as padding warps or gut warps) are used in place of the rubber strands and are manipulated in the same way. Consequently, the reference in the foregoing description and in the appended claims to strands of rubber should be understood to include gut warps of the character just mentioned. In making nonelastic webbing the wires 0 and f would not be used.

Having thus described my invention, what I desire to claim as new is:

1. That improvement in the process of weaving elastic webbing which consists in arranging warp thread." and strands of rubber to form two sheds, one above the other, with the strands of rubber forming the top of the lower shed and the bottom of the upper shed, inserting two filling threads in said sheds simultaneously at each pick with one thread in each shed, manipulating warp threads between picks to. interlock them with said filling threads and thereby weave a fabric, and moving an additional strand of rubber up or down across both sheds at one end of said sheds between successive picks to cause both filling threads to be wrapped around it atthe end of each pick, two adj acent filling threads being passed over and the next two adjacent filling threads passed under said strand of rubber, thereby producing a tubular selvage enclosing said additional strand of rubber.

.2. That improvement in the process of weaving elastic webbing which consists in arranging warp threads and st ands of rubber to form two sheds, one above the other, with. the strands of. rubber forming the top of the lower shed aud the bottom of the upper shed, inserting two filling threads in said sheds simultaneously at each pick with one thread in each shed, maintaining said strands of rubber relatively stationary, moving warp threads up ordown across said sheds between successive picks to interlock them with the filling threads and thereby weave a fabric of the desired pattern, arranging additional strands of rubber at the opposite ends of said sheds,and moving said additional strands up or down across both shedsbetaveen successive picks, whereby both filling threads are wrapped around each of said additional strands of rubber at the end of each pick, two adjacent filling threads having been passed over and the next two adjacent filling threads passed under said strands of rubber, thus forming tubular selvages enclosing said additional strands of rubber. i

7 thereby produce an enlarged tubular selvage 3. That improvement in the process of Weaving elastic webbing which consists in arranging warp threads and strands of rubber to form two sheds, one above the other, with the strands of rubber forming the top of the lower shedand the bottom of the upper shed, inserting two filling threads in said shedssimultaneouslyat each pick with one thread in each shed, manipulating warp threads between picks to interlock them with.

said filling threads and thereby weave a fabric, moving an additional strand of rubber up or down across both sheds at one end thereof between successive picks, moving a wire with said additional strand and immediately outside of it whereby both filling threads are caused to wrap around said strand and wireat the end of each pick and ,loosely enclosing said additional strand of rubber, and subsequently withdrawing said wire from said tubular selvage.

4. A strip of elastic webbing comprising a single ply fabric having strands of rubber [extending longitudinally thereof in the body of the fabric with two filling threads in eachpick of the body portion of the fabric, said filling threads being located on opposite sides of saidst'rands of rubber, an additional strand of rubber at one edge of said strip, and a tubular selvage enclosing said'edge strand and composed entirely of filling, both of said filling threads being looped around said edge strands at the end of ,each' rpick, 'two adjacent ,fillinggthre'ads lying over and the next two adjacent filling threads lying under said edge strand.

.HAROLD ST. J. GUILD. 

